Fractures
If you break a bone, it requires medical attention. If the fracture is the result of a major injury or trauma, call 911 or your local emergency number.
If any of these things happen, call for emergency help:
- If someone is unresponsive and not breathing or not moving, begin CPR. If there is no breathing or heartbeat, then CPR may be necessary.
- There is heavy bleeding.
- It hurts when you do anything - even if it's just a gentle touch - that causes pain.
- The limb or joint appears deformed.
- The bone has pierced the skin.
- The end of an injured arm or leg, such as the tip of a toe or finger, is numb or blue.
- If you think a bone may be broken in the neck, head, or back area, you should go to the hospital.
Do not move the person unless it is necessary to avoid further injury. Once you have contacted emergency services, take these steps:
- Stop any bleeding.Wrap the wound with a sterile bandage, using a clean cloth or piece of clothing.
- Immobilize the injured area.Don't try to realign the bone or push it back into place. If you're trained in how to splint a fracture, apply a splint above and below the fracture sites. Padding the splints can reduce discomfort.
- Apply cold packs to reduce swelling and relieve pain.Do not put ice directly on your skin. Wrap the ice in a cloth or other material before applying it to the skin.
- Treat for shock.If the person feels faint or is breathing quickly, lay them down gently with their head lower than their trunk and if possible raise their legs.