Milk allergy : Causes-Symptoms-Diagnosis-Treatment

 What Is Milk Allergy?

Cow’s milk hypersensitivity reaction is the most typical allergic reaction in infants and young youngsters. although most youngsters eventually outgrow their hypersensitivity reaction to exploit, milk hypersensitivity reaction is additionally among the foremost common food allergies in adults.1

Approximately seventieth of kids with cow milk hypersensitivity reaction tolerate baked cow milk.2 Baked tin is outlined as milk that has been extensively heated, disrupting the structure of the proteins that cause cow milk hypersensitivity reaction. Young youngsters United Nations agency square measure allergic to recent milk however will eat baked milk while not reacting is also a lot of possible to outgrow their milk hypersensitivity reaction at AN earlier age than young youngsters United Nations agency react to baked milk.3

When someone with a milk hypersensitivity reaction is exposed to exploitation, proteins within the milk bind to specific immune globulin antibodies created by the person’s system. This triggers the person’s immune defenses, resulting in reaction symptoms that may be delicate or terribly severe.

Lactose intolerance and dairy farm hypersensitivity reactions sound a great deal alike. Many of us assume they're similar. But, however they’re caused (and however they have an effect on your body) square measure is terribly completely different.

Milk Allergy

Lactose intolerance involves the biological process system: If you have got it, your body doesn’t create disaccharidase, the catalyst required to digest disaccharide. That’s the sugar in milk. rather than digesting commonly in your abdomen and tiny bowel, undigested disaccharide moves into your colon, wherever it’s attenuated by bacterium and causes bloating and gas. It will be uncomfortable, however it’s not dangerous.

Lactose intolerance is common in adults – concerning thirty million Americans by age twenty. It’s a lot common in folks with Asian, African or Native yankee heritage and fewer common in folks with a northern or western European background.

Dairy hypersensitivity reaction involves the immune system: If you have it, your body reacts to the proteins in milk and different dairy farm products as if they’re dangerous invaders. It releases substances that cause hypersensitivity reaction symptoms. This hypersensitivity will be delicate (rashes) to severe (trouble respiratory, loss of consciousness).

Dairy hypersensitivity reaction is one in every of most typical allergies, particularly in youngsters. As several as a pair of in each one hundred youngsters below four years previous square measure allergic to exploit. It’s even common in babies.

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Medical terms

• Milk allergy is an adverse immune system reaction to certain proteins found in cow’s milk. Milk allergy affects around 2-3% of the population, usually in the first year of life. It is the most common food allergy among infants and young children. Symptoms range from mild, such as skin rashes, to life-threatening, such as anaphylaxis.

• Milk allergy is an adverse immune response to one or more proteins found in milk. It is caused by the body’s immune system mistakenly responding to milk as a harmful substance. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and can include hives, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in extreme cases, anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening reaction. Milk allergy can usually be managed by avoiding milk and any products containing milk proteins.

• Milk hypersensitivity reaction is associated with abnormal response by the body's system to exploit a product containing milk. It's one in all the foremost common food allergies in kids. Cow's milk is the usual reason behind milk hypersensitivity reaction, however milk from sheep, goats, buffalo and different mammals can also cause a reaction.

• A hypersensitive reaction typically happens before long when you or your kid consumes milk. Signs and symptoms of milk hypersensitivity reaction vary from gentle to severe and might embrace asthmatic, vomiting, hives and organic process issues. Milk hypersensitivity reaction may also cause hypersensitivity reaction — a severe, severe reaction.

• Avoiding milk and milk products is the primary treatment for milk hypersensitivity reactions. Luckily, most youngsters outgrow milk hypersensitivity reactions. Those that do not outgrow it should have to be compelled to still avoid milk products.

•  The length of a milk allergy reaction depends on the amount of milk consumed and the severity of the allergic reaction For instance if someone has a mild reaction to milk containing one ingredient they are allergic to such as lactose it may not last long at all; perhaps no more than an hour or two If they react strongly to milk containing numerous ingredients they are allergic to such as dairy and nuts then the duration of their reaction may be longer.

Symptoms Milk allergy

Milk allergy symptoms, which differ from person to person, occur a few minutes to a few hours after you or your child drinks milk or eats milk products.

Immediate signs and symptoms of milk allergy might include:

• Hives

• Wheezing

• Itching or tingling feeling around the lips or mouth

• Swelling of the lips, tongue or throat

• Coughing or shortness of breath

• Vomiting

Signs and symptoms that may take more time to develop include:

• Loose stools or diarrhea, which may contain blood

• Abdominal cramps

• Runny nose

• Watery eyes

• Colic, in babies

There is also blood within the stool (poop) too, particularly in babies.

Anaphylaxis could be a serious, severe hypersensitivity and sometimes begins minutes once you eat a food you’re allergic to, however typically it will happen hours later. it always involves over one symptom in addition to one part of your body at constant time.

If you have got a severe allergic reaction or if you’ve ever had hypersensitivity reaction within the past, visit your doctor concerning carrying associate degree injectable epinephrine (Adrenaclick, Auvi-Q, EpiPen, a generic auto-injector, Symjepi) to curtail or stop the hypersensitivity.

Milk allergy or milk intolerance?

A true milk allergic reaction differs from milk macromolecule intolerance and milk intolerance. Unlike milk allergic reactions, intolerance does not involve the system. inherited disease needs a completely different treatment from true milk allergic reaction.

Common signs and symptoms of milk macromolecule intolerance or milk intolerance embrace organic process issues, like bloating, gas or diarrhea, when overwhelming milk or merchandise containing milk.

Anaphylaxis

Milk hypersensitivity reaction will cause hypersensitivity reaction, a dangerous reaction that narrows the airways and may block respiration. Milk is the third most typical food — once peanuts and tree bonkers — to cause a hypersensitivity reaction.

If you or your kid contains a reaction to take advantage of, tell your doctor, in spite of how delicate the reaction is. Tests will facilitate milk hypersensitivity reactions, therefore you'll avoid future and probably worse reactions.

Anaphylaxis may be a medical emergency ANd needs treatment with an vasoconstrictor (adrenaline) shot (EpiPen, Adrenaclick, others) and a visit to the hospital room.

 Signs and symptoms start soon after milk consumption and can include:

• Constriction of airways, including a swollen throat that makes it difficult to breathe

• Facial flushing

• Itching

• Shock, with a marked drop in blood pressure

When to see doctor

See your doctor or associate degree physician if you or your kid experiences milk allergic reaction symptoms shortly once overwhelming milk. If attainable, see your doctor throughout the hypersensitive reaction to assist the doctor create a designation. obtain emergency treatment if you or your kid develops signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction. 

Causes Milk allergy

All true food allergies square measure caused by AN system malfunction. If you have a milk allergic reaction, your system identifies bound milk proteins as harmful, triggering the assembly of immune globulin (IgE) antibodies to neutralize the macromolecule (allergen). In succeeding time you are available in contact with these proteins, immune gamma globulin antibodies acknowledge them and signal your system to unharness amine and different chemicals, inflicting a spread of allergic signs and symptoms.

There square measure 2 main proteins in cow's milk which will cause AN allergic reaction:

• Casein, found in the solid part (curd) of milk that curdles

• Whey, found within the liquid a part of milk that continues to be once milk curdles
  You or your kid is also allergic to only 1 milk supermolecule or to each. These proteins could {also be|is also} arduous to avoid as a result of they are also in some processed foods. And the majority of UN agencies that react to cow's milk can react to sheep's, goat's and buffalo's milk. Less unremarkably, folks allergic to cow's milk also are allergic to soy milk. 

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES)

A food matter also can cause what is typically known as a delayed allergy. Though any food is a trigger, milk is one among the foremost common. The reaction, normally regurgitation and symptom, typically happens among hours once uptake of the trigger instead of among minutes.

Unlike some food allergies, FPIES typically resolves over time. like milk hypersensitivity reaction, preventing AN FPIES reaction involves avoiding milk and milk merchandise.

Risk factors Milk allergy

Certain factors may increase the risk of developing milk allergy:

• Other allergies. Many children allergic to milk also have other allergies. Milk allergy may develop before other allergies.

• Atopic dermatitis. Children who have atopic dermatitis — a common, chronic inflammation of the skin — are much more likely to develop a food allergy.

• Family history. A person's risk of a allergic reaction|allergy|allergic reaction} will increase if one or each oldsters have an allergic reaction or another form of allergy or allergic sickness — like pollinosis, asthma, hives or skin problem. 

• Age. Milk allergy is more common in children. As they age, their digestive systems mature, and their bodies are less likely to react to milk.

Complications Milk allergy

Children United Nations agency ar allergic to take advantage of ar a lot of doubtless to develop bound alternative health issues, including:

• Allergies to other foods — such as eggs, soy, peanuts or even beef

• Hay fever — a common reaction to pet dander, dust mites, grass pollen and other substances

Prevention Milk allergy

There's no certain thanks to forestall allergies, however you'll be able to forestall reactions by avoiding the food that causes them. If you recognize you or your kid is allergic to exploitation, avoid milk and milk merchandise.

Read food labels rigorously. rummage around for casein, a milk spinoff, which may be found in some surprising places, like in some canned tuna, sausage or nondairy merchandise. Question ingredients once ordering in restaurants.

Sources of milk

Obvious sources of allergy-causing milk proteins are found in dairy products, including:

• Whole milk, low-fat milk, skim milk, buttermilk

• Butter

• Yogurt

• Ice cream, gelato

• Cheese and anything that contains cheese

• Half-and-half

Milk can be harder to identify when it's used as an ingredient in processed foods, including baked goods and processed meats. Hidden sources of milk include:

• Whey

• Casein

• Ingredients spelled with the prefix "lact" — such as lactose and lactate

• Candies, such as chocolate, nougat and caramel

• Protein powders

• Artificial butter flavor

• Artificial cheese flavor

• Hydrolysates

Even if a food is labeled "milk-free" or "nondairy," it should contain allergy-causing milk proteins — thus you have got to browse the label fastidiously. Once unsure, contact the manufacturer to take care if a product does not contain milk ingredients.

When uptake out, raise however foods are ready. Will your cut of meat have fusible butter on it? Was your food swayback in milk before cooking?

If you are in danger of a heavy hypersensitive reaction, speak along with your doctor concerning carrying and victimization emergency adrenaline (adrenaline). If you have already had a severe reaction, wear a medical alert bracelet or jewelry that lets others understand you have got an allergy.

Milk alternatives for infants

In children who are allergic to milk, breast-feeding and the use of hypoallergenic formula can prevent allergic reactions.

• Breast-feeding is the best supply of nutrition for your baby. Breast-feeding for as long as potential is suggested, particularly if your baby is at high risk of developing milk allergic reaction. 

• Hypoallergenic formulas are made by victimization enzymes to interrupt down (hydrolyze) milk proteins, like casein or whey. an additional process will embrace heat and filtering. counting on their level of process, merchandise square measure classified as either partly or extensively hydrolyzed. Or they'll even be referred to as elemental formulas.
  Some hypoallergenic formulas are not milk primarily based, however instead contain amino acids. Besides extensively hydrolyzed merchandise, amino-acid-based formulas square measure the smallest amount possible to cause associate degree hypersensitivity. 

• Soy-based formulas are supported by soy macromolecules rather than milk. Soy formulas are a unit fortified to be nutritionally complete — however, sadly, some youngsters with a milk hypersensitivity reaction conjointly develop AN hypersensitivity reaction to soy.
  If you are breast-feeding and your kid is allergic to exploit, cow's milk proteins {passed through|skilled|older|more matured|more experienced|more responsible|more established|seasoned|knowledgeable|versed|capable|competent|skillful|well-versed|tried ANd true|gone through|had|undergone|saw|felt|responded to|suffered} your breast milk could cause sensitivity. you'll ought to exclude from your diet all merchandise that contain milk. see your doctor if you recognize — or suspect — that your kid has milk hypersensitivity reaction and develops hypersensitivity reaction signs and symptoms when breast-feeding.If you or your kid is on a milk-free diet, your doctor or specialiser will assist you set up nutritionally balanced meals. You or your kid may have to require supplements to interchange metal and nutrients found in milk, like ergocalciferol and vitamin G. 

What does milk allergy look like?

Food allergies like the one to milk are an abnormal immune system reaction to a specific food The signs and symptoms of a milk allergy include rash; diarrhea; cramping; nausea and vomiting; abdominal pain; hives or swelling of the lips and tongue.

How can you tell the difference between a milk allergy and acid reflux?

The symptoms of milk allergy and acid reflux are similar The main difference is that milk allergies cause hives wheezing and vomiting while reflux disease causes bad breath heartburn and regurgitation If you're sure you have a milk allergy be vigilant about reading food labels so you don't accidentally ingest the culprits - milk or yogurt Another classic symptom of milk allergy is eczema which is characterized by dry patches on the skin that can become itchy and inflamed Sufferers may develop scarring as well as thickened skin that cracks With reflux disease sufferers may.

What formula is best for cow milk allergy?

Parents of infants with cow’s milk allergy should consult a pediatric allergist or an experienced dietitian for alternative formulas and recommendations about formula preparation Two casein hydrolysate formulas are widely available (Alimentum and Neocate) that generally do not need to be mixed before feeding do not contain added sugar and have not resulted in any reported allergic reactions even in babies who are extremely sensitive to cow’s milk protein Other alternatives include extensively hydrolyzed casein-based formula (eHF) which is prepared by mixing soy flour with cow’s milk-based infant formula; these products may be.

How do I know if my baby has acid reflux?

Acid reflux is a common problem for babies and is usually caused by their swallowing air that leads to irritation in the esophagus If your baby has been spitting up day after day he could have acid reflux To determine whether or not your baby has acid reflux look for the following symptoms: Spitting up clear fluid more than six times in a 24-hour period Green or yellow vomit This is especially true if there's blood mixed in with the bile-colored vomit Coughing or choking immediately after taking a bottle Not only does this cough sound like it.

Does warming milk help with reflux?

The body’s digestive system works in conjunction with the nervous system This interconnection is why many people experience both physical and emotional symptoms that are related to problems in the digestive tract such as heartburn nausea and constipation When you have acid reflux every time you eat it can be difficult to do much of anything else other than focus on reducing your pain While taking an antacid may help until you get home from eating out warming up a glass of milk has been known to work for years as a natural relief for those who suffer from indigestion or heartburn after eating In fact.

Diagnosis Milk allergy

At your appointment, your MD can take a close history, together with asking what you Ate, what symptoms you tough, however long the symptoms lasted and what you probably did to alleviate them. The foremost common allergic reaction is to take a look at a skin-prick test or a blood test; each seeks for the presence of immunoglobulin (IgE) antibodies that develop once your body is exposed to a substance that it's sensitive to. These antibodies trigger the discharge of chemicals that cause allergic symptoms.

In the skin-prick take a look at, a liquid containing milk or a milk supermolecule extract is placed on your forearm or back. Your skin is pricked with atiny low, sterile probe, permitting the liquid to run into your skin. If you develop a raised, ruddy welt, usually inside fifteen to twenty minutes, which will indicate AN allergic reaction. In a very biopsy, a blood sample is tested for the presence of immune gamma globulin antibodies. The results are reportable as a numerical value.

Research suggests that some varieties of milk proteins (casein and 2 proteins found in whey, alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactalbumin) are probably to cause serious reactions. A more modern sort of biopsy, referred to as an element take a look at, will facilitate the MD confirm your risk for a heavy reaction by searching for allergies to those specific proteins.

Another take a look at your MD might order is AN oral food challenge. beneath medical management, you’ll eat tiny amounts of a substance containing milk or a dried milk to examine if a reaction develops. owing to the chance that a reaction might be severe, this take a look at is conducted in your allergist’s workplace or at a food challenge center with emergency instrumentation and drugs handy.

When food causes an allergic reaction, it isn't always easy to pinpoint what food is to blame. To evaluate whether you or your child has milk allergy, your doctor may:

• Ask detailed questions about signs and symptoms

• Perform a physical exam

• Have you keep a detailed diary of the foods you or your child eats

• Have you eliminate milk from your diet or your child's diet (elimination diet) — and then have you add back the food to see if it causes a reaction

He or she may also recommend one or both of the following tests:

• Skin test. In this take a look at, your skin is pricked and exposed to little amounts of the proteins found in milk. If you are allergic, you will likely develop a raised bump (hive) at the take a look at location on your skin. hypersensitivity reaction specialists sometimes square measure best equipped to perform and interpret hypersensitivity reaction skin tests. confine mind that this kind of take a look at is not fully correct for detection of milk hypersensitivity reactions. 

• Blood test. A biopsy will live your immune system's response to exploit by measuring the number of immune globulin (IgE) antibodies in your blood. However, this check is not fully correct in distinguishing a milk allergic reaction.
  If your examination and check results cannot make sure of the milk allergic reaction, your doctor would possibly administer an Associate in Nursing oral challenge, within which you're fed completely different foods which will or might not contain milk in increasing amounts to check if you react to those that contain milk. It is a sensible plan to possess allergic reaction tests administered by an Associate in Nursing MD who's been trained to manage serious reactions.If your doctor suspects that your symptoms are a unit caused by one thing aside from an allergic reaction, you will want different tests to spot — or rule out — different medical issues. 

Treatment Milk allergy

• Avoidance of milk or things containing milk merchandise is solely thanks to managing a milk allergic reaction. World Health Organization|people that|folks that|those that|Those who} square measure allergic to take advantage of and also the oldsters of youngsters who have this allergic reaction should scan ingredient labels terribly rigorously.
• Milk is one among eight allergens with specific labeling necessities beneath the Food substance Labeling and client Protection Act of 2004. That law needs makers of prepackaged food merchandise sold-out within the U.S. associated with milk as an ingredient to incorporate the presence of milk or milk merchandise, in clear language, on the ingredient label.
• Their square measures 2 main kinds of milk macromolecule — casein and whey. Casein, the “solid” part of milk, includes eighty % of milk macromolecules. Whey proteins, found within the liquid a part of milk, frame the opposite twenty %. Milk proteins square measure found in several foods, as well as all dairy farm merchandise, and in several places wherever they could not be expected. as an example, some canned tuna, sausage, meats and different nondairy merchandise could contain casein. Potable mixes and body-building and energy drinks usually contain whey. Milk macromolecules have additionally been found in some manduction gum.
• Some firms could voluntarily embody data that their food merchandise “may contain traces of milk” or that they're factory-made in a facility that additionally processes milk, although such informative statements aren't needed by law.
• Allergies to food (including milk) square measure the foremost common causes of hypersensitivity reaction, a doubtless grave hypersensitive reaction. Symptoms embody swelling of the airways, impairing the flexibility to breathe, and a fulminant comes by pressure, inflicting vertigo and fainting. An associate doctor can advise patients with an allergy to hold an auto-injector containing epinephrine (adrenaline), that is the sole treatment for anaphylaxis, and can teach the patient the way to use it. If a toddler has the allergic reaction, lecturers and caregivers ought to be created tuned in to his or her condition likewise.
• Some individuals with this allergic reaction will tolerate foods containing milk that has been extensively heated, like a baked quick bread. Still, individuals with an allergic reaction to take advantage of macromolecules ought to consult an associate doctor before deciding whether or not they ought to fully avoid milk and different dairy farm merchandise.
• Milk could be a fairly simple ingredient to substitute in recipes. Most recipes business can be even as thriving by working the equivalent in water, juice, or soy or rice milk. If your baby is allergic to take advantage of, seek advice from your podiatrist concerning that formula to use. Often, associate extensively hydrolyzed elemental formula or a casein-hydrolysate formula is suggested for milk allergic reaction in infants, because the proteins in these formulas are extensively softened. or else, your infant’s doctor could suggest a soy-based formula.
• The only thanks to forestall associated hypersensitive reactions is to avoid milk and milk proteins. This may be tough as a result of milk could be a common ingredient in several foods. Also, some individuals with milk allergic reactions will tolerate milk in some forms, like milk that is heated in food, or in some processed foods, like food. seek advice from your doctor concerning what to avoid.
• Despite your best efforts, if you or your kid accidentally consumes milk, medications like antihistamines could cut back a gentle hypersensitive reaction.
• If you or your kid encompasses a serious hypersensitive reaction (anaphylaxis), you'll want an emergency injection of epinephrine (adrenaline) and a visit to the ER. If you are in danger of getting a severe reaction, you or your kid may have to hold injectable epinephrine (EpiPen, Adrenaclick, others) at the least. Have your doctor or pill pusher demonstrate the way to use this device in order that you are ready for an emergency. 

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Coping and support

Having a significant allergic reaction or being the parent of a baby with a probably critical allergic reaction are often nerve-racking. apprehending others in similar things is often useful. Besides giving support and encouragement, they'll conjointly offer helpful brick tips, like the way to deal effectively with faculty officers to confirm your child's medical wants. raise your doctor if there are any support teams in your space, or contact the respiratory disease and allergic reaction Foundation of America.

Preparing for your appointment

You're probably to begin by seeing your GP or your child's baby doctor. However, you will then be cited as a doctor UN agency makes a specialty of allergic disorders (allergist-immunologist).

Here's some info to assist you make preparations for your appointment and to grasp what to expect from your doctor.

What you can do

• Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions. When you build the appointment, raise if there is something you would like to try and do before. As an example, if you are going to have your own hypersensitivity reaction testing done, your doctor can need you or your kid to prevent taking medicinal drug medications for a particular fundamental quantity before they take a look at. 

• Write down any symptoms you or your child has experienced, including any that may seem unrelated to milk allergy.

• Make a list of any medications, vitamins and supplements you or your child is taking.

• Write down questions to ask your doctor.
  Preparing an inventory of queries will assist you create the foremost of it slowly along with your doctor. For milk allergic reaction, some basic inquiries to raise your doctor include: 

• Do you think this is milk allergy or lactose intolerance?

• Are there tests to diagnose milk allergy? Do these tests require preparation?

• Is it possible to outgrow this allergy?

• Are there treatments?

• Is it necessary to avoid milk and milk products?

• What foods are likely to contain milk products?

• Is it necessary to stay away from others who are drinking milk?

• What do I need to tell people at my child's school about this allergy?

• How can milk allergy best be managed with other conditions?

• Are there brochures or other printed materials that I can take? What websites do you recommend?

• Do I need to carry injectable epinephrine at all times?

Don't hesitate to ask any other questions you may have.

What to expect from your doctor

Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, including:

• When did you or your child first react to milk?

• Can you describe the reaction?

• Does this happen every time you or your child drinks milk or eats something made with milk?

• How soon after consuming milk or milk products do symptoms begin?

• How severe are the symptoms?

• Does anything seem to improve the symptoms, such as allergy medication or milk avoidance?

• What, if anything, appears to worsen the symptoms?

• Have you or your child tried any of the products made for people with lactose intolerance? If yes, did those help?

• Is anyone else in your family allergic to milk?

What you can do in the meantime

If you are having gentle hypersensitivity reaction symptoms from uptake of one thing that contains milk, taking AN medicine medication could reduce your discomfort. look ahead to more-severe symptoms that may need medical attention. If you or your kid has symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction, obtain emergency treatment.

General summary

1. symptoms If your kid is allergic to milk they would experience symptoms such as: Facial swelling Hives Skin itching and rashes Abdominal pain or diarrhea.

2. in babies: Causes & Treatments There are certain babies who may develop what is called an allergy to cows' milk It's important that you do not stop breastfeeding or start pumping and freezing breast milk while your baby develops this sensitivity as he will need the antibodies found in your breast milk to help him recover from his reaction Also if your baby is allergic to one type of dairy product he may be allergic to others Research studies show that nearly 70 percent of children with a severe dairy allergy will also react to both cow and goat's milk protein You should try cutting out dairy products before introducing other types of food into your.

3. Milk allergy is a type of food allergy that occurs when the body experiences an adverse reaction to the proteins found in cow’s milk. This type of food allergy can cause a range of symptoms, including skin rashes, digestive issues, and difficulty breathing. Those who have a milk allergy must be careful to avoid dairy products in order to avoid an allergic reaction. Additionally, individuals with a milk allergy may need to carry an epinephrine auto-injector in order to treat any potentially severe allergic reactions.

4. Milk allergy is an immune reaction to one or more proteins found in cow’s milk. A milk allergic reaction occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless protein as a dangerous invader. Allergies are the body’s way of protecting itself from potential harm. When exposed to the allergen, the body produces histamine and other chemicals, which trigger allergy symptoms.

5. Milk allergy is an unfortunate issue that affects many individuals. It is an immune system response to certain proteins that are found in milk and milk-based products. People with milk allergies experience a range of symptoms from mild reactions such as hives to more severe reactions that can include anaphylaxis. These symptoms can range from being uncomfortable to life-threatening, and should be taken seriously.